AFFECTIVE MODELS OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON DISEASE AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Abstract

Introduction: Anxiety and depression include emotional disorders that occur associated with Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis can be an important sign of morbidity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of emotional disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: The prospective study included 50 patients with PB and relapse of remitting MS, with a disease duration of 1-5 years, without cognitive impairment. According to the duration of the disease, the participants were divided into two groups. Clinical assessment of the degree of disability in MS subjects was performed by the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and in PB subjects by the Hoehn and Year scales. Depression was measured by the Beck Depression Scale, anxiety by the Hamilton Scale for Anxiety Assessment.

Results: Moderate anxiety was shown by 36% and moderate and severe anxiety by 64% of PD participants. Anxiety does not depend on the duration of the disease, and is more pronounced in stage III and IV of the disease (P = 0.04). Depression is present in 82% of participants with PB. It occurs regardless of the duration of the disease. Advanced participants had a more severe form of depression (P = 0.01). Participants with MS showed moderate anxiety in 32% and moderate and severe anxiety in 68% of cases. The frequency of anxiety is independent of the duration of the disease (P = 0.87) and the degree of clinical disability (EDSS) (P = 1.0). Depression was found in 86% of MS participants. The frequency of depression is independent of the duration of the disease and the degree of clinical disability.

Conclusion: Emotional difficulties resulting from coping with severe chronic illness, with the interaction of genetic-biological and psychosocial factors result in the development of affective disorders such as depression and anxiety in patients with PB and MS.