Retinopatija prematuriteta- savremeni koncepti skrininga i tretmana

Abstract

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina occurring principally in new born preterm infants.According to World Health Organisation (WHO) it stands in third place of preventable causes of blindness.The exact etiology is not completely understood and many factors appear to contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. ROP is a two-phase disease, beginning with delayed retinal vascular growth after premature birth and phase II follows when phase I-induced hypoxia releases factors to stimulate new blood vessel growth. Essential in clinical approach to ROP is ophthalmological screening. Timely screening of ROP done by ophthalmologist within a few weeks after birth can prevent blindness. Good selection of infants at high risk for the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity, as well as timely initiation of the screening, allow the proper implementation of prevention and treatment options. The responsibility of a pediatrician is to initiate screening done by ophthalmologist and ophthalmologist’s responsibility is to properly perform screening and choose treatment options. This article highlights the modern concept of the pathophysiology, screening and treatment options for ROP.